CONTENTS OF ADIPONETIN, VISFATIN, TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4 AND ARGINASE-II IN METABOLICLY COMPROMISED PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

Introduction. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events in overweight/ obese patients. Adipocytokine imbalance, activation of the immune system, and inflammation occur in hypertension, the role of which in the pathogenesis has not yet been sufficiently investigated. The purpose of the work: to estimate the content of adiponectin, visfatin, Toll-like receptor-4 and arginase- II in metabolically compromised cases with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods. 76 overweight/obese patients with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension and receiving antihypertensive drugs were examined in a randomized manner. Patients were divided into two groups: 1st group - 38 patients who reached the target BP, 2nd group - 38 people who did not reach the target BP. All study participants had their medical and life histories collected, underwent a general physical examination with blood pressure measurement and BMI calculation, general clinical (total blood count, coagulogram, biochemical blood analysis, lipidogram) and immunoenzyme studies to determine the concentrations of adiponectin, visfatin, TLR4, and arginase-II in blood serum and lymphocytes using ELISA Kit reagents. The results. Patients who reached the target blood pressure had reliably higher concentrations of serum adiponectin on the background of significantly lower levels of visfatin, TLR4 and arginase-II. Accordingly, reliably higher levels of visfatin, TLR4, arginase-II in serum were observed in patients who did not reach the target blood pressure level, against the background of reliably reduced levels of adiponectin in serum. On the other hand, in peripheral blood lymphocytes, no credibly difference was determined between adiponectin, visfatin, TLR4 and arginase-II indicators when comparing between groups. Additionally, inverse correlations were found between adiponectin and AST, creatinine and urea; high levels of visfatin were directly associated with BMI, SBP, LDL-C, TG, AST, fibrinogen and MNV; direct correlations of TLR4 with BMI, blood leukocytes, PF, AST, creatinine were determined against the background of an inverse correlation with HDL-C; high levels of arginase-II were directly associated with SBP, BMI, ALT, AST, LDL-C, TG. Conclusions. In metabolically compromised patients with hypertension who did not reach the target blood pressure during antihypertensive therapy, according to current recommendations, high levels of blood pressure are associated with a low concentration of the anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic adipokine – adiponectin, against the background of high concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors – visfatin, TLR4 and arginase-II. Furthermore, correlations between the indicators of adiponectin, visfatin, TLR4, arginase-II and the results of age-related, physical and laboratory examinations were determined, which confirm the participation of the above-mentioned factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension in metabolically compromised patients.