CLINICAL COURSE OF CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-9067-2025-29-15Keywords:
arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial stiffness, comorbid conditionsAbstract
Often, patients over 40 years of age develop a number of other concomitant diseases against the background of cardiovascular diseases. The most common such comorbid condition is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). According to a number of studies, patients with COPD have a 2–5 times higher risk of developing cardiovascular events.The aim of the study was to study the features of the clinical course of cardiovascular pathology against the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Materials and methods. 144 patients who were undergoing treatment at the therapy center of the Holy Panteleimon Hospital in Lviv and had a diagnosis of arterial hypertension (AH) were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 – 41 patients who were diagnosed with AH and group 2 – 83 patients who were diagnosed with COPD and AH. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy individuals.All patients underwent general clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations.Results. During clinical examination, the following complaints were found in patients: heaviness, pain in the back of the head and frontal region, flickering of flies before the eyes, dizziness, tinnitus, feeling of heart failure, unpleasant sensations in the heart area, dizziness, palpitations, nosebleeds, constant shortness of breath, sputum discharge in significant quantities, fatigue, general weakness, sleep disturbances.A significantly higher respiratory rate (p ˂ 0,001) and significantly lower blood oxygen saturation levels (p ˂ 0,001) were found in patients of group II. A significant increase in the level of leukocytes (p < 0,01) was found in group II, which could indicate an exacerbation of COPD. Analyzing the data of biochemical indicators, a significant difference was found in the two examined groups in the level of CRP (p < 0,05), which once again confirmed the exacerbation of COPD. According to the results of EchoCG, a significant difference was found in the indicators of the size of the left atrium (p ˂ 0,05) and in the values of the ejection fraction (p ˂ 0,05) in the II group with comorbid pathology.Conclusions. 1. In patients with cardiovascular pathology on the background of COPD, a tendency to increase in the levels of blooleukocytes and C-reactive protein was found, which could indicate an exacerbation of COPD in them.2. Chronic increase in intrathoracic pressure due to airway obstruction leads to significant changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics, which, in turn, contributes to an increase in arterial stiffness. This is evidenced by statistically significant changes in EchoCG parameters, in particular, an increase in the size of the left atrium (p ˂ 0,05) in patients with a combination of arterial hypertension and COPD.
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