THE ROLE OF NO AND ARGININE IN INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM AND PATHOSPERMIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-9067-2023-25-15Keywords:
Nitric oxide, pathospermia, L - arginine, sperm, NOS (bNOS) and (eukNOS).Abstract
Abstract. Ukraine, the number of infertile couples reaches almost 20%, which is due to both genetic and anthropogenic factors, including xenobiotics. According to research, up to 50% of couples' infertility is caused by the female factor and about 50% by the male factor. The influence of urogenital infections on the development of infertility in men depends on the prevalence of inflammatory processes caused by bacterial endotoxins. Microorganisms can damage the tissues of the reproductive organs and disrupt the processes of spermatogenesis, influence the formation of the liquid part of sperm. Microorganisms can damage the tissues of the reproductive organs and disrupt the processes of spermatogenesis and affect the formation of the liquid part of the sperm. The infectious process leads to a change in the microbiome, which is always accompanied by an increase in the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Low levels of ROS produced in spermatozoa are involved in regulating the fertilizing ability of sperm. By their nature, spermatozoa are very sensitive to oxidative stress. This is due to the fact that the gametes lack antioxidant protection. The expression of NO-synthase (NOS) is activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, free fatty acids, endotoxins and pathogenicity factors of microorganisms, in particular, microorganisms of the male genitourinary system. Biochemical processes related to NO are the fundamental units influencing the change of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the microbiome in the development of pathophysiological changes. Microbial synthesis of NO can be achieved by bacterial NOS (bNOS), which is similar in characteristics to eukaryotic NOS (eukNOS). Arginine is a substrate for arginase and nitric oxide synthase, both cNOS and iNOS, as well as a source of nitrogen for microorganisms. In this regard, the analysis of the bacterial spectrum of the male urogenital tract, in particular bacteria capable of generating NO, and the elucidation of changes in nitric oxide and arginine parameters in the seminal plasma of men with idiopathic infertility are relevant.
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